Promoção do Autocuidado e Educação em Saúde na Alta Hospitalar de Pacientes com Condições de Alta Complexidade

• DOI: https://doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.127112613015

• Palavras-chave: Autocuidado, Alta do Paciente, Educação em Saúde, Doença Crônica.

• Keywords: Self-Care; Patient Discharge; Health Education; Chronic Disease.

• Abstract: The promotion of self-care and health education at hospital discharge constitutes a strategic axis for consolidating integrated care models centered on patients’ needs and capable of ensuring safety and continuity of care, especially in the context of complex clinical conditions and the demand for managing multiple care needs. The objective of this study was, based on scientific literature, to analyze the importance of promoting self-care and health education in the hospital discharge process of patients with high-complexity conditions, highlighting their contributions to continuity of care, patient safety, and the strengthening of autonomy in the post-discharge period. This study is an integrative literature review conducted in the PubMed/MEDLINE database, covering the last five years and including articles published in Portuguese, English, and Spanish. The selection followed systematic steps, including title and abstract screening, full-text reading, and consensus decision-making between two researchers, using the Rayyan software to organize and verify inclusion and exclusion decisions, with mediation by a third reviewer to ensure consistency and reduce bias. The final sample included four studies. The results demonstrated that structured health education and self-care promotion interventions strengthen patient autonomy, improve therapeutic adherence, enhance home care management, and reduce the risk of complications and hospital readmissions. Highlighted strategies included individualized discharge planning, provision of educational materials (videos and booklets), post-discharge follow-up, monitoring of clinical signs, and guidance on the management of medical devices and high-alert medications. It is concluded that the promotion of self-care and health education at hospital discharge represents a central element for ensuring safety, autonomy, and continuity of care for patients with high-complexity conditions, fostering more humanized, effective, and integrated care models aligned with the principles of the Brazilian Unified Health System.